Middleware groups, define web group, configure routes file.

app/Http/Kernel.php

@@ -13,11 +13,21 @@ class Kernel extends HttpKernel
      */
     protected $middleware = [
         \Illuminate\Foundation\Http\Middleware\CheckForMaintenanceMode::class,
-        \App\Http\Middleware\EncryptCookies::class,
+    ];
-        \Illuminate\Cookie\Middleware\AddQueuedCookiesToResponse::class,
+
-        \Illuminate\Session\Middleware\StartSession::class,
+    /**
-        \Illuminate\View\Middleware\ShareErrorsFromSession::class,
+     * The application's route middleware groups.
-        \App\Http\Middleware\VerifyCsrfToken::class,
+     *
+     * @var array
+     */
+    protected $middlewareGroups = [
+        'web' => [
+            \App\Http\Middleware\EncryptCookies::class,
+            \Illuminate\Cookie\Middleware\AddQueuedCookiesToResponse::class,
+            \Illuminate\Session\Middleware\StartSession::class,
+            \Illuminate\View\Middleware\ShareErrorsFromSession::class,
+            \App\Http\Middleware\VerifyCsrfToken::class,
+        ],
     ];
 
     /**

app/Http/routes.php

@@ -14,3 +14,18 @@
 Route::get('/', function () {
     return view('welcome');
 });
+
+/*
+|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+| Web Routes
+|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+|
+| This route group applies the "web" middleware group to every route
+| it contains. The "web" middleware group is defined in your HTTP
+| kernel and includes session state, CSRF protection, and more.
+|
+*/
+
+Route::group(['middleware' => 'web'], function () {
+    //
+});